Tokenized stock issuers

Who issues each token, what holders actually own, and who is allowed to buy. Summaries come from each issuer's own documentation (read October 2026) unless marked third-party. Terms change, so always read the issuer's current documents.

xStocks (Backed)Ondo Global Markets Robinhood Stock Tokens bStocks (Binance)Reality rTokens (Bitget)Coinbase Tokenized Stocks Backpack Securities Dinari dShares Anchored aStocks ST0x Backed (legacy bTokens)Securitize (issuer-native shares)Stove Figure DeFiChain dTokens (synthetic)Other / unverified

Exchanges vs. issuers

Kraken and Bybit are trading venues, not issuers. They list tokens from issuers such as xStocks, and each applies its own regional rules on top of the issuer's.

Kraken: Lists xStocks for eligible non-US clients (not US, Canada, UK, Australia). (source). Tokens listed there: 53.
Bybit: Lists xStocks on spot; KYC required, excludes EEA, UK, Australia and others. (source). Tokens listed there: 11.

xxStocks (Backed) 131 tokens $936.60M mkt cap

Issuer / legal entity: Backed Assets (JE) Limited, a Jersey SPV registered with the JFSC
How the tokens work: Each xStock is a tracker certificate (a bearer debt instrument) collateralised 1:1 by the underlying share, held with regulated custodians in segregated accounts. It gives price exposure but no shareholder voting rights. An independent Security Agent can take over the collateral if the issuer defaults. EU/EEA distribution runs under a base prospectus approved by Liechtenstein's FMA. Tokens use an "x" suffix (NVDAx, TSLAx).
Who can buy: Not marketed, offered or sold in the US or to US persons. Kraken does not offer xStocks to clients in the US, Canada, the UK or Australia. Bybit requires KYC and excludes the EEA, the UK, Australia and other regions.
Naming pattern: …x (e.g. NVDAx)
Chains (CoinGecko): Ethereum, Solana, Arbitrum, BNB Chain, TON, Mantle, X Layer, Ink
Issuer venue: xStocks venues (Kraken, Bybit, Solana DEXs)

Sources:

OOndo Global Markets 440 tokens $979.25M mkt cap

Issuer / legal entity: Ondo Global Markets (BVI) Limited
How the tokens work: Ondo Stocks are tokens that track US-listed stocks and ETFs (NYSE and Nasdaq). Ondo says 100+ assets are live, including index and fixed-income ETFs. Eligible, KYC'd users mint and redeem through Ondo's platform using USDon, a dollar token held 1:1 in Ondo's brokerage accounts. The tokens also trade on secondary markets. Tokens use an "on" suffix (NVDAon).
Who can buy: Not available to people in the US, to US persons (Reg S), or in Canada and other prohibited countries. In the EEA, UK, Switzerland, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia and Brazil, only professional, qualified or accredited investors may buy.
Naming pattern: …on (e.g. NVDAon)
Chains (CoinGecko): Ethereum, Solana, BNB Chain, HyperEVM
Issuer venue: Ondo Global Markets app

Sources:

RRobinhood Stock Tokens 191 tokens $151.74M mkt cap

Issuer / legal entity: Robinhood Assets (Jersey) Limited
How the tokens work: Stock Tokens are tokenized debt securities, collateralised 1:1 by the underlying shares held with a US custody partner. Dividends are reinvested through a multiplier instead of being paid out, so over time one token can represent slightly more than one share. They give economic exposure only, with no rights in the underlying company. They live on Robinhood Chain.
Who can buy: Not available in the US or to US persons, and not in Canada, the UK or Switzerland, among other restricted regions.
Naming pattern: plain ticker (e.g. NVDA) on Robinhood Chain
Chains (CoinGecko): Robinhood Chain
Issuer venue: Robinhood Wallet / Robinhood Chain DEXs

Sources:

bbStocks (Binance) 100 tokens $1.08B mkt cap

Issuer / legal entity: BTech Holdings Ltd, an ADGM SPV wholly owned by Binance Holdings
How the tokens work: bStocks are certificates over US shares and ETFs. Each one is a BEP-20 token on BNB Chain backed 1:1 by a share held with custodian Alpaca. Holders get a beneficial interest, but no direct share ownership or voting rights. Dividends are reinvested after US withholding tax. Each bStock has its own prospectus approved by the ADGM FSRA. Tokens use a "b" suffix (NVDAb).
Who can buy: Offered only in the Abu Dhabi Global Market. Not available to US persons (Reg S). Binance makes them available to qualified users in approved jurisdictions.
Naming pattern: …b (e.g. NVDAb)
Chains (CoinGecko): BNB Chain
Issuer venue: Binance

Sources:

RReality rTokens (Bitget) 670 tokens $149.94M mkt cap

Issuer / legal entity: Reality, a Bitget-group RWA issuance platform
How the tokens work: rTokens give economic exposure to US stocks and ETFs. Reality says they are backed through licensed brokers and segregated reserve custody. Holders do not own registered shares and have no voting rights. Cash dividends are paid separately in stablecoins. The tokens trade on Bitget's stock spot market and run on Arbitrum and Morph. Tokens use an "r" prefix (rNVDA). Third-party research reads Reality's terms as making each rToken an unsecured claim on the issuer.
Who can buy: Bitget says rTokens are not generally offered in the US or to US persons. Elsewhere, access depends on Bitget KYC and regional rules.
Naming pattern: r… (e.g. rNVDA)
Chains (CoinGecko): Arbitrum, Morph
Issuer venue: Bitget stock spot

Sources:

CCoinbase Tokenized Stocks 57 tokens $34.98M mkt cap

Issuer / legal entity: Coinbase, licensed by the ADGM Financial Services Regulatory Authority
How the tokens work: B20 tokens on Base, backed 1:1 by shares held with Alpaca in a bankruptcy-remote structure. Only KYC'd institutional authorized participants can mint and redeem. Once minted, the tokens move freely between wallets and DeFi. Dividends and splits are handled by an on-chain multiplier. Tokens use a "c" suffix on CoinGecko (NVDAc).
Who can buy: Offered under Regulation S. Not available to persons in the US or in other restricted jurisdictions.
Naming pattern: …c (e.g. NVDAc)
Chains (CoinGecko): Base
Issuer venue: Base DEXs (see base.org/stocks)

Sources:

BBackpack Securities 38 tokens $25.95M mkt cap

Issuer / legal entity: Backpack Securities (Backpack Exchange), tokenized with Sunrise
How the tokens work: A user holds a real security entitlement (NY UCC Article 8) in a Backpack Securities account and can withdraw it as a 1:1 Solana token. Depositing the token back converts it into the share. The tokens trade 24/7 on Solana DEXs and wallets.
Who can buy: For eligible, KYC'd Backpack users in supported regions. Not available in the US, UK, UAE, Japan, or through Backpack EU.
Naming pattern: plain ticker (e.g. SPCX) on Solana
Chains (CoinGecko): Solana
Issuer venue: Backpack Exchange / Solana DEXs

Sources:

DDinari dShares 253 tokens $15.11M mkt cap

Issuer / legal entity: Dinari Inc.; US customers are served by Dinari Securities, LLC (SEC/FINRA broker-dealer)
How the tokens work: dShares are tokens that act as a ledger for real shares cleared through Alpaca Securities. Non-US users get access through partner apps. For US customers, tokens are non-transferable and cannot be used in DeFi.
Who can buy: Eligible US customers can buy through Dinari Securities after KYC (with restrictions). Non-US users can buy through Dinari's partners.
Naming pattern: plain ticker (e.g. NVDA)
Chains (CoinGecko): Arbitrum, Avalanche, Base, Ethereum, HyperEVM, Hyperliquid
Issuer venue: Dinari app & partners

Sources:

AAnchored aStocks 112 tokens $1.11M mkt cap

Issuer / legal entity: Anchored Capital Ltd (BVI), per third-party research
How the tokens work: aStocks give price exposure to US stocks and ETFs. Third-party research says the underlying shares are held through a US broker-dealer and that holders get no share and no vote. Astock (astock.fi) describes aNVDA on Arc as backed by Robinhood Chain NVDA tokens held in a vault. Tokens use an "a" prefix (aNVDA). Most show $0 of reported volume on CoinGecko.
Who can buy: Not confirmed from the issuer's own docs. Third-party research reports that US persons are barred.
Naming pattern: a… (e.g. aNVDA)
Chains (CoinGecko): Arbitrum, Base, Ethereum, Monad, Robinhood Chain, BNB Chain
Issuer venue: astock.fi

Sources:

SST0x 20 tokens $1.02M mkt cap

Issuer / legal entity: S01 Issuer GmbH (Berlin), under a Liechtenstein-approved base prospectus
How the tokens work: tStock tokens are a claim against S01 for one share. wtStock wraps tStock and grows as dividends arrive, so its price can drift above the share price. If S01 fails, holders are unsecured creditors. Only authorised participants can mint and redeem. CoinGecko lists the "wt" wrapper (wtCOIN).
Who can buy: Offered to the public in the EEA. Not for US persons or sanctioned persons.
Naming pattern: wt… (e.g. wtCOIN)
Chains (CoinGecko): Base
Issuer venue: st0x.io ecosystem venues

Sources:

ST0x FAQ

BBacked (legacy bTokens) 12 tokens $29.83M mkt cap

Issuer / legal entity: Backed Finance, the same issuer group as xStocks
How the tokens work: Backed's earlier tokens (e.g. bNVDA, bCOIN, bTSLA) also track a share 1:1. Most now show little or no trading volume on CoinGecko, so treat their prices with caution.
Who can buy: Same distribution restrictions as xStocks: not offered in the US or to US persons.
Naming pattern: b… (e.g. bNVDA)
Chains (CoinGecko): Avalanche, Base, Ethereum, Gnosis, Polygon, Arbitrum, BNB Chain
Issuer venue: —

Sources:

xStocks Docs: Product Legal Overview

SSecuritize (issuer-native shares) 1 tokens $38.99M mkt cap

Issuer / legal entity: Securitize Corp.
How the tokens work: Tokenized Securitize Corp. common stock on Avalanche and Solana, launched alongside its NYSE debut. CoinGecko reports $0 of exchange volume.
Who can buy: Not verified.
Naming pattern: SECZ
Chains (CoinGecko): Avalanche, Solana
Issuer venue: —

Sources:

Cointelegraph: Securitize debuts on NYSE

SStove 1 tokens $481.29 mkt cap

Issuer / legal entity: —
How the tokens work: A Circle token listed on CoinGecko as "Stove Tokenized Stock". Issuer details not verified.
Who can buy: Not verified.
Naming pattern: …s (e.g. CRCLs)
Chains (CoinGecko): Arbitrum
Issuer venue: —

Sources:

No issuer source verified.

FFigure 1 tokens — mkt cap

Issuer / legal entity: —
How the tokens work: A token listed on CoinGecko as "FGRS (Figure Tokenized Stock)". Issuer details not verified.
Who can buy: Not verified.
Naming pattern: FGRS
Chains (CoinGecko): Provenance
Issuer venue: —

Sources:

No issuer source verified.

DDeFiChain dTokens (synthetic) 3 tokens $617.9K mkt cap

Issuer / legal entity: DeFiChain protocol (no custodian)
How the tokens work: Algorithmic synthetic tokens. No shares back them, and their prices have drifted far from the real stock. They are listed here only because CoinGecko includes them in the category.
Who can buy: —
Naming pattern: d… (e.g. dTSLA)
Chains (CoinGecko): DeFiChain
Issuer venue: —

Sources:

No issuer source verified.

OOther / unverified 2 tokens $16.99M mkt cap

Issuer / legal entity: —
How the tokens work: Tokens in CoinGecko's tokenized-stock category whose issuer could not be identified from the name or symbol. The underlying-ticker mapping for these is a best guess, flagged on each token.
Who can buy: Not verified.
Naming pattern: —
Chains (CoinGecko): Avalanche, Ethereum, Solana, BNB Chain
Issuer venue: —

Sources:

No issuer source verified.